About 10 miles from Johnson Space Center, a Houston-area church takes a moment during Wednesday Bible studies and Sunday evening services to pray for two members who cannot be there.
In fact, there鈥檚 no way on Earth for NASA astronauts Barry 鈥淏utch鈥� and Tracy to show up at Providence Baptist Church. They鈥檙e in space, orbiting the planet. More specifically, these two members are working on the together.
Like many astronauts before them, they brought along their faith when they launched into space.
鈥淕od uses all of us in pretty neat ways, and I think I get the most joy from what I do thinking about it in those terms,鈥� said Dyson, discussing her job on the 鈥淏ible Project鈥� ahead of her March launch on a Russian Soyuz spacecraft.
Dyson's six-month mission isn't scheduled to end until September, but Wilmore and his fellow NASA test pilot, Suni Williams, should have been back weeks ago. They are staying longer than expected following thruster failures and helium leaks on Boeing鈥檚 inaugural crew flight for its capsule. Wilmore and Williams have said the capsule will return them home safely; engineers are still poring over Starliner test data.
There's no return date yet, which means the congregation鈥檚 worries have subsided for now since they are safe aboard the space station, said Tommy Dahn. He is a pastor for the Pasadena, Texas, church where Dyson worships as a newer member and Wilmore is a longtime elder.
It鈥檚 the launch and return days that ratchet up their anxieties 鈥� and prayers.
鈥淲e will definitely be on vigil as we find out when that鈥檚 going to happen,鈥� said Dahn, who is in close contact with Wilmore and his wife during the latest mission.
Wilmore paused before boarding the Starliner on each launch attempt, huddling in prayer with technicians and Williams. He acknowledged the risks of spaceflight 鈥� especially on a test flight like his.
鈥淥ur families have been a part of this from the beginning. ... As far as preparing them, they鈥檙e prepared. We trust in sovereign God. Whatever the plan is, we鈥檙e ready for it, whatever that might be,鈥� he told reporters ahead of the flight.
Wilmore's faith that God is in control gives his family great peace, his wife, Deanna Wilmore, said via text message. He is content on the space station, neither worrying nor fretting, she said.
鈥淲e鈥檙e not saying this means that nothing bad will happen or the Starliner will bring Barry home safely, but whatever the Lord does, will be for our good and for His glory," even if they don't fully understand it, she said.
The U.S. space program has had stunning achievements and devastating tragedies.
Former NASA astronaut Mike Hopkins knew space exploration was high-risk, but didn鈥檛 feel its full weight until his first assignment. A life insurance company drove that home ahead of his Soyuz rocket launch in September 2013, Hopkins said, recalling being told they didn鈥檛 insure astronauts.
Hopkins realized he was not spiritually ready. Between trainings, he began converting to Catholicism, a faith he鈥檇 been immersed in since he began dating his Catholic wife but insisted he would never join.
鈥淚t鈥檚 the idea of being an astronaut and recognizing the risks that we take,鈥� he said. 鈥淚t felt like something was missing for me.鈥�
When he received Communion for the first time, he was overcome with a clarity and peace that he wanted to take into space. With his priests' help, Hopkins secured permission to take a pyx of consecrated hosts. He administered weekly Communion to himself and on long, intense spacewalk days.
鈥淚t just set the tone for the day,鈥� he said. 鈥淭hen, you just go through the step-by-step process of executing the spacewalk but doing it knowing that Christ is with me.鈥�
Others have taken Communion in space, including Apollo 11 astronaut Buzz Aldrin after landing on the moon with Neil Armstrong in 1969.
The Rev. Wencil Pavlovsky, pastor of St. Paul the Apostle Catholic Church in the Houston area, helped former astronaut Mark Vande Hei bring Communion into orbit. Vande Hei was aboard the space station in 2017 when called it.
Pavlovsky says ministering to astronauts isn鈥檛 much different than supporting others: 鈥淲hat I do find unique and what I truly, truly appreciate is that they have a very different perspective because they get to look back at us the way God does.鈥�
Relatedly, there is a phenomenon that philosopher Frank White calls the Overview Effect, when someone鈥檚 worldview shifts after looking at Earth from space.
Thirty-six St. Paul the Apostle parishioners have been astronauts, Pavlovsky said. Established in the 1960s to serve the growing space community, the church embraces its history, including with stained-glass windows designed from Hubble Telescope images and its curated collection of space travel memorabilia.
It is unknown how many have practiced their faith in orbit, according to NASA, because some keep it private. But flight-certified religious items are permitted. In 2023, astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli celebrated Hannukah on the space station, sharing a video featuring a menorah, a spinning dreidel and her view of Earth.
Houston Rabbi Shaul Osadchey encouraged a member of his congregation and then astronaut Jeffrey Hoffman to bring the first Torah into space on his final shuttle mission in 1996. Osadchey tracked down a miniature scroll, and he and about 40 synagogue members attended the launch in Florida.
鈥淲e bring our culture and our backgrounds with us where we go,鈥� said Osadchey, noting Hoffman read from the Torah, the start of Genesis specifically, on Shabbat. 鈥淛eff brought the Jewish tradition into a new domain 鈥� new world that is being conquered by humans.鈥�
The three astronauts aboard Apollo 8 broadcasted their reading from Genesis on Christmas Eve as they flew around the moon, starting with 鈥淚n the beginning, God created the heaven and the Earth.鈥�
NASA says it helps observant astronauts stay connected to their faith community. Because of Dyson and Wilmore, their Southern Baptist congregation, which numbers around 250 people on any given Sunday, has had unique opportunities.
Despite the distance, women in the church arranged a care package of sorts 鈥� notes of encouragement 鈥� for Dyson, said Dahn.
鈥淏arry, he ministers to us almost,鈥� he said, noting how Wilmore makes encouraging calls to congregants while in space.
After Wilmore arrived on the space station in early June, he and Dyson appeared live via video at a Providence Baptist Sunday service and gave the congregation a tour of the station, Dahn said. Wilmore taught a lesson before he and others aboard the space station led the congregation in singing 鈥淎mazing Grace.鈥�
鈥淚t鈥檚 kind of thrilling,鈥� said Dahn, adding that thoughts of God come easily when the astronauts show Earth through the space station鈥檚 window. Like other theologically conservative Christians, he believes God is the creator of the universe as depicted in the Bible, not the Big Bang or other theories.
鈥淚t鈥檚 confirming. I don鈥檛 want to be crass, but it kind of makes us laugh at the 鈥楩lat Earthers,'鈥� he said.
Wilmore uses his experience in space to enhance people鈥檚 understanding of their Christian beliefs, said Dahn, noting his speaking engagements with the Answers in Genesis ministry, which runs the Creation Museum and Ark Encounter, evangelical attractions in Kentucky.
Few others can do what Dyson and Wilmore do, although they are unlikely to say so themselves, said Corey Johnson, another Providence Baptist pastor. He thinks of how Wilmore organized a group to build a fence at his home, and how Dyson gladly read his sons a book while visiting.
鈥淭hese are uniquely gifted individuals,鈥� he said, but 鈥渢here鈥檚 more to them than what they do for their day job.鈥�
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Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP鈥檚 with The Conversation US, with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.
Holly Meyer, The Associated Press
