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Dear Dr. Roach: You recently discussed Pap smears. What is the root meaning of the term? Is it a medical test invented by a Dr. Pap, or an acronym for some long and complex medical term, or a smear taken from a woman鈥檚 鈥減ap鈥�? D.W.B. 鈥淧ap鈥� is for Dr.

Several weeks ago, I wrote that the federal health minister had announced that $100 million would be available to fight the opioid crisis. In addition, it would now be easier for addicts in treatment centres to obtain heroin.

Dear Dr. Roach: My 78-year-old mother has taken compounded estrogen since menopause. She swears that it has kept her from getting Alzheimer鈥檚 disease and other brain diseases. I am 54 and have been in menopause for about a year.

Dear Dr. Roach: I had a kidney removed eight months ago due to a kidney tumour, and since then have had bloodwork done numerous times. My GFR fluctuates from 38-44, and my creatinine and BUN levels are high (creatinine level is about 1.

Dear Dr. Roach: I am having a 鈥減ush endoscope,鈥� or forced endoscope, tomorrow. They said they found a lesion in a CT scan and want to look into it further. Is 鈥渓esion鈥� a fancy name for cancer? B.E. The word 鈥渓esion鈥� is a Latin word for 鈥渋njury.

Dear Dr. Roach: What cures heartburn and indigestion? R.G. It鈥檚 easier to answer what causes heartburn and indigestion, because treatment depends on the underlying problem. The most common cause of heartburn is gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Dear Dr. Roach: I am a 75-year-old man with a prostate the size of a Buick. I have to get up four to five times a night to urinate. After about the third time, I cannot get back to sleep. I can get about five hours before the problem occurs.

Dear Dr. Roach: I have an adult son with serious medical issues. Because of a persistent cough, he saw his internist four times, as well as a pulmonologist. Blood tests and X-rays were negative.

Dear Dr. Roach: I am a rather healthy 35-year-old woman. I drink a lot of water daily 鈥� approximately five to six litres, just because I feel the need to. My doctor does not seem concerned, as she says it may be normal for my body.

Dear Dr. Roach: I鈥檓 a 94-year-old male. Three and a half years ago, I was able to walk with a cane, until I had a pacemaker implanted. After the procedure, I was able to walk only with a walker, and not very well.