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Dear Dr. Roach: I am 83 and was recently had atrial fibrillation diagnosed. My doctor put me on Eliquis. I have had no problems with it, except the cost. Is there something comparable that is less expensive? D.C.

Several weeks ago, I reported that autopsies of the brains of people with dementia had revealed damage to small arteries, which might cause tiny strokes and brain injury.

Dear Dr. Roach: My daughter, who is 50, recently went to a urologist for bladder retention issues. She had several tests performed. My daughter鈥檚 doctor told her that the diagnosis is 鈥渙veractive stable bladder.

Dear Dr. Roach: For many years, I have had a screening colonoscopy due to a history of colon cancer in my mother. Over the years, they have removed polyps, and some were the precancerous type.

Dear Dr. Roach: I鈥檓 a 72-year-old, otherwise healthy man who was diagnosed about three years ago with Type 2 diabetes. I am on the medication Amaryl (glimepiride), 2 milligrams twice daily. My last A1C was 7.5, and I had a prick test of 140.

Dear Dr. Roach: I am a 73-year-old woman. I have had migraine headaches with aura since my late 30s. I haven鈥檛 suffered migraine pain in years, but I still experience the aura from time to time.

What鈥檚 wrong with North Americans? Plenty! Long ago, immigrants landed on our hostile shores. They had no shelter, food or medical care. They hacked down forests and tried to survive. Many didn鈥檛. They developed colds and sore backs.

Dear Dr. Roach: I sustained a ruptured disc from shovelling snow, then underwent a microdiscectomy, after which I developed severe nerve symptoms. It took me years to get a correct diagnosis.

Dear Dr. Roach: Last year, I had shingles. The shingles are gone, but I am still feeling the nerve pain. I have been taking 600 mg of gabapentin for it, but several doctors have told me that I need to get off of this medication.

Dear Dr. Roach: I had a transient ischemic attack in July 2016. I had lots of risk factors: morbidly obese, cholesterol of 255, elevated blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes (well-controlled, but still) and heavy drinking.