This is the second article in听a four-part series on Rick Steves鈥� recent trip to the Holy Land.
听
For years, my travels have caused me to think about organized religion. (When I got my history degree in college, one of my favourite classes was 鈥淗istory of the Christian Church.鈥�) And for years, I鈥檝e believed that those who enjoy getting close to God should pack their spirituality along with them on their travels.
I recently visited Israel, where religious tourism is a big part of the economy. And much of that is Christian tourism: bus tours of believers visiting sites from Jesus鈥檚 three-year ministry 鈥� places they鈥檝e imagined since their childhood Sunday school classes. While Jerusalem is the major stop, they generally make a quick visit to Bethlehem (in听the West Bank), and loop through the north to stop at听several sites near the Sea of Galilee.
While Jesus was born in Bethlehem, just south of Jerusalem, he grew up in the north in Nazareth, near the Sea of Galilee. Since the Jordan River dumps into the north end of the lake, that鈥檚 where there鈥檚 the most oxygen in the water and consequently the most fish. The land there, around Capernaum, is where the major population centres were and, of course, the most fishermen. Long before tourism, and even long before Christ, the economy around the Sea of Galilee was dependent on fishing. This is where Jesus assembled his band of disciples, turning fishers of fish into fishers of men.
There are five sites on or near the sea that are particularly meaningful. At Kibbutz Ginosar, there鈥檚 an impressive little lakeside museum containing the recently excavated remains of the 鈥淛esus Boat鈥� 鈥� a typical fisherman鈥檚 boat from the first century AD. The boat survived because it was covered with mud, preventing its total decomposition. Discovered in 1986, archaeologists dug it up quickly and then submerged it in a chemical bath for seven years before finally allowing it to go on view. Perhaps the apostles Peter and Andrew were working on this kind of boat when Jesus called them to follow him.
Another site near the sea also has great significance. According to tradition, John the Baptist baptized Jesus where the Jordan leaves the Sea of Galilee. Today, many Christians flock to a spot on the Israeli side of the river called Yardenit to be baptized or re-baptized. There are other baptismal spots farther south on the Israeli-controlled and Jordanian sides of the river. I found Yardenit the most lively 鈥� but the least spiritual.
The Church of the Primacy of St. Peter, a small Franciscan chapel that incorporates part of a fourth-century church, is especially important for Catholic pilgrims. Delightfully set on the sea, it鈥檚 built upon the rock where, tradition holds, the resurrected Jesus ate with his disciples and told Peter to 鈥渇eed my sheep.鈥� That is one reason why the Roman Catholic Church believes in the primacy of St. Peter.
Another holy site 鈥� the Church of the Multiplication of the Loaves and Fishes 鈥� is built upon the place where, according to the Bible, the 5,000 who gathered to hear Jesus preach were miraculously fed by a few fish and loaves of bread. There鈥檚 a fragment of a mosaic from the original church that stood here in the fifth century; it depicts a basket of bread flanked by two fish.
And yet another church, perched high above Galilee on Mount Beatitude, is traditionally considered the place where Jesus gave the Sermon on the Mount. Built in 1938, the Church of the Beatitudes has an octagonal shape representing the eight beatitudes. It鈥檚 near the site of a fourth-century Byzantine church, which was used for some 300 years. The faithful from every corner of Christendom come here to remember how Jesus said, 鈥淏lessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the Earth. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called the children of God. And blessed are the merciful, for they shall receive mercy.鈥�
At each Christian pilgrimage site, my Jewish guide, Benny, read with passion passages from the Bible. I found the scriptures talking about the Sermon on the Mount or feeding the masses with a few fish and loaves particularly compelling here, at the places where those events are believed to have occurred.
As a Christian, gazing out over the fabled Sea of Galilee and imagining Jesus walking on the water, I became more emotional than I had imagined I would be. Closing my eyes, I let the song of pilgrim groups singing in the distance, the sound of the little waves at my feet and the breeze off the lake come together in a touching, personal moment. Even if you鈥檙e not religious, a visit here can be a spiritual experience.
Next week: The religious mix in Bethlehem.
听
Rick Steves writes European travel guidebooks and hosts a travel show on KCTS Seattle. Email him at [email protected], visit his website and read his Facebook blog.
