MONTREAL 鈥� An anti-NATO protest in Montreal that turned violent on Friday is stirring up talk about a controversial former bylaw that once prohibited protesters in the city from wearing masks.
It will take time to arrest protesters who smashed windows and burned cars during the demonstration outside a NATO conference since most of them were covering their faces, Montreal鈥檚 mayor and police chief both told reporters on Monday.
During a news conference, Mayor Val茅rie Plante said the demonstrators are known to police. 鈥淏ut with the masks, it requires a little more time, more precision,鈥� she said. 鈥淲e want it to hold up in court as well.鈥�
Montreal police have so far arrested three people in connection with the protest, and police Chief Fady Dagher says there will be more arrests.
In an interview with Radio-sa国际传媒 on Monday, Dagher pointed to a bylaw, repealed in 2019, that banned masking during demonstrations. Police used to be able to intercept masked protesters before they could do any damage, he said, but now they can only intervene 鈥渨hen a person commits a crime.鈥�
鈥淭hese are powers that we don鈥檛 have anymore,鈥� he said. 鈥淚 work in a legislative framework, and whether you like it or not, that is the framework. I have no choice.鈥�
The bylaw, known as P-6, was introduced in 2012 by former Montreal mayor G茅rald Tremblay during the height of student protests over a plan to hike university tuition. Aside from banning masks, it also required protesters to provide police with their route ahead of time.
The Quebec Superior Court ruled in 2016 that the ban on masks was unconstitutional, and Plante鈥檚 government officially scrapped P-6 in 2019. At the time, the mayor said it was the right thing to do to support people鈥檚 right to protest.
Plante struck a slightly different tone when asked about the bylaw on Monday, saying the court decided it鈥檚 鈥渘ot acceptable鈥� to prevent people from covering their faces during protests. 鈥淲e need to work within those conditions,鈥� she said. 鈥淭hat being said, I feel for the police officers 鈥� (who) are facing difficulties when it comes to identifying some people.鈥�
Beno卯t Allard, a spokesperson for Divest for Palestine, one of the groups that organized Friday鈥檚 demonstration, said peaceful protesters have good reason to cover their faces. 鈥淭here are lots of threats against people who are demonstrating, especially as we鈥檝e seen with the Palestinian movement,鈥� he said. 鈥淔irst of all, there鈥檚 repression by the police. We know that the police target activists.鈥�
He also said some protesters have lost their jobs after being denounced to their employers.
Ana茂s Bussi猫res McNicoll, director of the fundamental freedoms program at the Canadian Civil Liberties Association, said protesters have 鈥渁 very legitimate fear of reprisal鈥� and that people have the right to freedom of expression while maintaining a degree of anonymity.
鈥淚 think that it鈥檚 crucial for people to be able to engage in lawful, peaceful activities 鈥� without the fear of being monitored and surveilled by the state and the police,鈥� she said.
It is illegal, however, to wear a mask during a riot. The former federal Conservative government passed a law in 2013 to prevent rioters from concealing their identity, which carries a maximum prison sentence of 10 years. Bussi猫res McNicoll said the violent demonstrators on Friday could be convicted of that offence if the event is deemed to have been a riot.
Plante and Dagher both defended the police response to Friday's violence, saying the Montreal police have monitored nearly 500 protests since the start of the Israel-Hamas war over one year ago, mostly without incident.
鈥淭his is not what is happening in Montreal,鈥� Dagher told Radio-sa国际传媒 on Monday. 鈥淭his is what happened in one location in Montreal for five minutes.鈥�
Allard said he鈥檚 more concerned about the police response to the protesters than about the damage caused by demonstrators. He said dozens of people were injured by police, and at least four were sent to hospital.
鈥淲hat we see in the media is a lot of talk about the so-called violence of the protesters, but we鈥檙e never talking about the violence that we sustained,鈥� he said. 鈥淭he media seems to care only about one specific form of violence, the violence of the people that are resisting oppression.鈥�
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 25, 2024.
Maura Forrest, The Canadian Press
